refactor: fail loud, tighten types, remove speculative abstraction

Fail loud at the boundary:
- substitute_template raises ConfigError on unresolved {{...}}; no more
  silent literal placeholders in download URLs.
- parse_profile raises ConfigError when 'os' is missing -- no
  raw.get("os", "linux") default that silently masks typos.
- urllib download failures wrapped to FlowError.
- bootstrap _execute_action dispatches phases explicitly and raises
  on unhandled phase; no more "anything else runs as shell".

Direct access over defensive wrapping:
- plan_bootstrap requires env; plan_install requires pm. Drop the
  dead `or os.environ` / `or detect_package_manager()` fallbacks.
- InstalledState.from_dict raises ConfigError on missing fields
  rather than .get(..., default).
- Replace `x or {}` chains with explicit `x if x is not None else {}`
  in package resolution; catalog validates type/platform-map/install
  shapes at parse.

One canonical form / direct access:
- Path.home() replaced with paths.HOME in services/packages.py and
  commands/completion.py. paths.HOME is the single source now.
- Use Path.is_relative_to for install-path containment instead of
  str.startswith.

Domain purity:
- domain/containers/resolution.resolve_mounts takes a filesystem_check
  predicate; service passes the probe in. Domain no longer touches
  the filesystem directly.

No speculative abstraction:
- Drop the `allow_sudo` field entirely. The _script_uses_sudo check
  it gated was bypassable (substring match) and gave false confidence;
  the manifest is fully user-trusted anyway.
- Delete dead terminfo_fix_command + RemoteService.fix_terminfo
  (no command surface exposes them).
- FileSystem.remove_tree no longer swallows errors via ignore_errors;
  callers opt into missing_ok if needed.

Typed enums:
- PackageDef.type, AppConfig.container_runtime as Literal[...].
  container_runtime values validated at config parse.

Completion bypasses runtime no longer:
- complete(ctx, ...) threads context; ContainerRuntime and state-file
  reads go through ctx.runtime instead of constructing primitives.

Tests added for: template raise, missing os raise, env/pm required,
unknown phase raise, no allow_sudo gate, URL download failure, install
path escape, corrupt installed.json, container_runtime Literal,
filesystem_check controls mounts.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

tests/test_domain_packages_models.py

@@ -32,12 +32,36 @@ def test_installed_state_version_mismatch():
         InstalledState.from_dict({"version": 99, "packages": {}})
 
 
+def test_installed_state_corrupt_missing_version_raises():
+    with pytest.raises(ConfigError, match="missing field 'version'"):
+        InstalledState.from_dict({
+            "version": 1,
+            "packages": {"fd": {"type": "pkg", "files": []}},
+        })
+
+
+def test_installed_state_corrupt_missing_type_raises():
+    with pytest.raises(ConfigError, match="missing field 'type'"):
+        InstalledState.from_dict({
+            "version": 1,
+            "packages": {"fd": {"version": "1.0", "files": []}},
+        })
+
+
+def test_installed_state_corrupt_missing_files_raises():
+    with pytest.raises(ConfigError, match="missing field 'files'"):
+        InstalledState.from_dict({
+            "version": 1,
+            "packages": {"fd": {"version": "1.0", "type": "pkg"}},
+        })
+
+
 def test_package_def_fields():
     pkg = PackageDef(
         name="fd", type="pkg", sources={"apt": "fd-find"},
         source=None, version=None, asset_pattern=None,
         platform_map={}, extract_dir=None, install={},
-        post_install=None, allow_sudo=False,
+        post_install=None,
     )
     assert pkg.name == "fd"
     assert pkg.type == "pkg"